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2021 美國公民入籍試題


當前位置:懂美國
發佈時間:2018-07-27 18:13:17  作者:本站編輯  來源:本站原創

AMERICAN GOVERNMENT   美國政府


A: Principles of American Government美國政府民主原則 

    

1. What is the form of government of the United States? 美國是什麽體制的政府?

  • Republic共和國 

  • Constitution-based federal republic以憲法為基礎的聯邦共和國 

  • Representative democracy代議制民主 


2. What is the supreme law of the land? * 美國的最高法律是什麽? *

  • (U.S.) Constitution (美國)憲法 


3. Name one thing the U.S. Constitution does. 請舉出一項美國憲法的作用。

  • Forms the government建立政府體系 

  • Defines powers of government定義政府權力 

  • Defines the parts of government定義政府部門 

  • Protects the rights of the people保護人民權利 


4. The U.S. Constitution starts with the words "We the People.” What does "We the People" mean? 美國憲法以“我們人民”開頭。“我們人民”代表什麽意思? 

  • Self-government自治政府

  • Popular sovereignty人民主權 

  • Consent of the governed必須得到人民的認可

  • People should govern themselves人民自己管理自己 

  • (Example of) social contract社會契約的範例


5. How are changes made to the U.S. Constitution? 如何修改美國憲法? 

  • Amendments修正案 

  • The amendment process修正程序 


6. What does the Bill of Rights protect? 人權法案保護什麽? 

  • (The basic) rights of Americans美國人的(基本)權利 

  • (The basic) rights of people living in the United States住在美國的人的(基本)權利 


7. How many amendments does the U.S. Constitution have?* 美國憲法有幾項修正案? *

  • Twenty-seven (27) 二十七(27)


8. Why is the Declaration of Independence important? 為什麽說《獨立宣言》很重要? 

  • It says America is free from British control. 它宣告美國擺脫英國的控制 

  • It says all people are created equal. 它宣告人生而平等  

  • It identifies inherent rights. 它確定了繼承權 

  • It identifies individual freedoms. 它確定了個人自由 


9. What founding document said the American colonies were free from Britain? 哪份創始文件宣告美國殖民地擺脫英國統治?

  • Declaration of Independence 獨立宣言 


10. Name two important ideas from the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution. 請列舉《獨立宣言》和《美國憲法》中的兩項重要的思想。

  • Equality 平等 

  • Liberty 自由 

  • Social contract 社會契約

  • Natural rights 天賦人權  

  • Limited government 有限政府管轄權

  • Self-government 自治政府 


11. The words "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness" are in what founding document? 哪份創始文件中出現“生命,自由和追求幸福”這些詞? 

  • Declaration of Independence 獨立宣言


12. What is the economic system of the United States?* 美國的經濟制度是什麽?* 

  • Capitalism 資本主義 

  • Free market economy 自由市場經濟 


13. What is the rule of law? 法治是什麽意思? 

  • Everyone must follow the law. 每個人都必須遵守法律 

  • Government must obey the law. 政府也必須遵守法律

  • Leaders must obey the law  領導者也必須遵守法律

  • No one is above the law. 沒有任何人可以超越法律  


14. Many documents influenced the U.S. Constitution. Name one. 許多文件對美國憲法產生過影響 ,請試舉一 例: 

  • Declaration of Independence 獨立宣言 

  • Articles of Confederation 聯邦條款 

  • Federalist Papers 聯邦主義者文集

  • Anti-Federalist Papers 反聯邦主義者文集 

  • Virginia Declaration of Rights 弗吉尼亞人權宣言 

  • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 康涅狄格基本法令 

  • Mayflower Compact 五月花號公約 

  • Iroquois Great Law of Peace 易洛魁和平大法則


15. There are three branches of government. Why? 政府為什麽劃分為三個部門? 

  • So one part does not become too powerful 避免某一部門變得過分強大 

  • Checks and balances 制衡 

  • Separation of powers 權力分立


B: System of Government政府體制 


16. Name the three branches of government. 請說出政府的三大部門的名稱。

  • Legislative, executive, and judicial立法,行政和司法

  • Congress, president, and the courts國會,總統和法院 


17. The President of the United States is in charge of which branch of government? 美國總統負責政府哪一個部門? 

  • Executive branch 行政部門 


18. What part of the federal government writes laws? 聯邦政府哪個部門負責制定法律? 

  • (U.S.) Congress (美國)國會 

  • (U.S. or national) legislature (美國或國家)立法機構

  • Legislative branch立法部門 


19. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress? 美國國會由哪兩個部分組成?

  • Senate and House (of Representatives) 參議院和眾議院


20. Name one power of the U.S. Congress.* .請說出美國國會的一項權力。*

  • Writes laws 制定法律 

  • Declares war 宣戰 

  • Makes the federal budget 制定聯邦預算 


21. How many U.S. senators are there? 美國參議員共有多少位? 

  • One hundred (100)  一百(100)位


22. How long is a term for a U.S. senator? 美國參議員任期有多長時間?  

Six (6) years  六(6)年


23. Who is one of your state’s U.S. senators now? 請說出您所在州的一位現任美國參議員的名字。 

  • Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. senators.] 答案會不一樣。[哥倫比亞特區和美國海外領土的居民應回答該特區或申請人居住的海外領土沒有美國參議員。 


24. How many voting members are in the House of Representatives? 眾議院具有投票權的議員共有多少位?

  • Four hundred thirty-five (435)   (435) 435位


25. How long is a term for a member of the House of Representatives? 眾議院議員每個任期有多長? 

  • Two (2) years  兩(2)年 


26. Why do U.S. representatives serve shorter terms than U.S. senators? 為什麽美國眾議員的任期比美國參議員的任期短? 

  • To more closely follow public opinion 以便更加緊密地跟進民眾意見


27. How many senators does each state have? 每個州有多少位聯邦參議員?

  • Two (2)   兩位(2)


28. Why does each state have two senators? 為什麽每個州都有兩名聯邦參議員? 

  • Equal representation (for small states) 平等代表(適用於小州) 

  • The Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise) 康涅狄格妥協案 


29. Name your U.S. representative. 請說出您所在選區眾議員的名字。

  • Answers will vary. [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) representatives in Congress.] 答案不一樣。[可以提供該領地無表決權的代表或常駐專員的姓名,也可說明該領地在國會無持有表決權的代表。] 


30. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?* 現任眾議院議長叫什麽名字?*

  • Nancy Pelosi 南希 佩洛西


31. Who does a U.S. senator represent? 美國聯邦參議員代表誰?

  • Citizens of their state 代表參議員所在州的公民 


32. Who elects U.S. senators? 美國聯邦參議員是由誰選舉出來的? 

  • Citizens from their state 參議員所在州的公民 


33. Who does a member of the House of Representatives represent? 眾議院議員代表誰? 

  • Citizens in their (congressional) district 代表眾議員所在(國會)選區的公民 

  • Citizens in their district 眾議員所在選區的公民 


34. Who elects members of the House of Representatives? 美國聯邦眾議員是由誰選舉出來的?

  • Citizens from their (congressional) district 眾議員所在(國會)選區的公民 


35. Some states have more representatives than other states. Why? 有些州的眾議員人數比其他州的多,為什麽?

  • (Because of) the state’s population (因為)取決於該州的人口

  • (Because) they have more people (因為)這些州擁有較多人口

  • (Because) some states have more people (因為)有些州人口比較多 


36. The President of the United States is elected for how many years?* 美國總統每屆任期多少年? *

  • Four (4) years 四(4)年 


37. The President of the United States can serve only two terms. Why? 美國總統只能擔任兩期,為什麽? 

  • (Because of) the 22nd Amendment (因為)第22修正案 

  • To keep the president from becoming too powerful 防止總統權力變得過大


38. What is the name of the President of the United States now?* 美國現任總統叫什麽名字? *

  • Donald Trump 唐納德川普


39. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?* 美國現任副總統叫什麽名字? *

  • Mike Pence 麥克彭斯


40. If the president can no longer serve, who becomes president? 如果總統中途不能視事,誰將繼任總統?  

  • The Vice President (of the United States) (美國)副總統


41. Name one power of the president.  列舉總統的一項權力。

  • Signs bills into law 簽署法案使之成為法律

  • Vetoes bills 否決法案

  • Enforces laws 執行法律 

  • Commander in Chief (of the military) 三軍統帥

  • Chief diplomat 首席外交官


42. Who is Commander in Chief of the U.S. military? 誰是美國三軍統帥? 

  • The President (of the United States) 美國總統 


43. Who signs bills to become laws? 誰簽署法案使之成為法律?

  • The President (of the United States) 美國總統 


44. Who vetoes bills?* 誰有權否決法案? *

  • The President (of the United States) 美國總統 


45. Who appoints federal judges? 誰有權任命聯邦大法官? 

  • The President (of the United States) 美國總統 


46. The executive branch has many parts. Name one. 行政部門包括許多部門,請舉出其中一個 。

  • The President (of the United States) 美國總統 

  • Cabinet內閣

  • Federal departments and agencies聯邦各部門和機構


47. What does the President’s Cabinet do? 總統內閣起什麽作用?

  • Advises the President (of the United States) 對(美國)總統提供咨詢 


48. What are two Cabinet-level positions? 請列舉內閣級別的兩個職位?

  • Attorney General 司法部長

  • Secretary of Agriculture 農業部長 

  • Secretary of Commerce 商務部長 

  • Secretary of Defense 國防部長 

  • Secretary of Education 教育部長

  • Secretary of Energy 能源部長

  • Secretary of Health and Human Services 衛生和公共服務部長 

  • Secretary of Homeland Security 國土安全部長

  • Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 住房和城市發展部長

  • Secretary of the Interior 內政部長

  • Secretary of Labor 勞工部長 

  • Secretary of State 國務卿 

  • Secretary of Transportation 交通運輸部長 

  • Secretary of the Treasury 財政部長 

  • Secretary of Veterans Affairs 退伍軍人事務部長

  • Vice President (of the United States) (美國)副總統


49. Why is the Electoral College important? 為什麽說總統選舉團很重要?  

  • It decides who is elected president. 誰當選總統是由它決定的。 

  • It provides a compromise between the popular election of the president and congressional selection. 它可在總統大選與國會選舉之間做出折中 


50. What is one part of the judicial branch? 請說出司法部門一個機構的名稱。

  • Supreme Court 最高法院

  • Federal Courts 聯邦法院  


51. What does the judicial branch do? 司法部門起什麽作用?

  • Reviews laws 檢討現有法律 

  • Explains laws 解釋法律 

  • Resolves disputes (disagreements) about the law 解決有關法律的爭議(分歧) 

  • Decides if a law goes against the (U.S.) Constitution 裁決某項法律是否違反(美國)憲法  


52. What is the highest court in the United States?* 美國最高法院是什麽?*

  • Supreme Court 聯邦最高法院 


53. How many seats are on the Supreme Court? 最高法院有幾位大法官? 

  • Nine (9)   九(9)位


54. How many Supreme Court justices are usually needed to decide a case? 裁決一個案件,通常需要多少位最高法院法官參與?

  • Five (5)   (5)五位


55. How long do Supreme Court justices serve? 最高法院大法官任期有多長?

  • (For) life 終生

  • Lifetime appointment 終身任命 

  • (Until) retirement (直到)退休 


56. Supreme Court justices serve for life. Why? 最高法院大法官任職終身不變,為什麽? 

  • To be independent (of politics) 讓法官獨立於(政治)之外

  • To limit outside (political) influence 防範外部(政治)影響 


57. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now? 

  • John Roberts 約翰羅伯茨


58. Name one power that is only for the federal government. 請說出一項專屬聯邦政府的權力。  

  • Print paper money 印刷貨幣 

  • Mint coins 鑄造硬幣 

  • Declare war 宣布戰爭  

  • Create an army 創建軍隊

  • Make treaties 訂定條約

  • Set foreign policy 制定外交政策


59. Name one power that is only for the states. 請說出一項專屬州政府的權力。

  • Provide schooling and education 提供教育 

  • Provide protection (police)  提供治安保護(警察)

  • Provide safety (fire departments)  提供安全(消防局)

  • Give a driver’s license 頒發駕駛執照 

  • Approve zoning and land use 審批 區域劃分和土地使用 


60. What is the purpose of the 10th Amendment? 第十修正案的目的是什麽?  

  •  (It states that the) powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or to the people. 聲明凡是未賦予聯邦政府的權力均屬於各州或人民所有。 


61. Who is the governor of your state now?* 您所在州的現任州長是誰?*

  • Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a governor.] 答案會不一樣。[哥倫比亞特區居民區可以回答該特區沒有州長。] 


62. What is the capital of your state? 您所在州的首府在哪里?

  • Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.] 答案會不一樣。[哥倫比亞特區居民應回答哥倫比亞特區不是州,也沒有首府。美國海外領土的居民應說出該領土的首府。 


C: Rights and Responsibilities權利與責任 


63. There are four amendments to the U.S. Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them. 美國憲法有四項修正涉及誰可以投票的問題,請說出其中一項。 

  • Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote). 十八(18)歲以上的公民(可以投票) 

  • You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote. 投票無需繳納投票稅

  • Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.) 任何公民都可以投票。(男女都可以投票。)

  • A male citizen of any race (can vote). 任何種族男性公民(都可以投票)。 


64. Who can vote in federal elections, run for federal office, and serve on a jury in the United States? 誰有資格在聯邦選舉中投票,競選聯邦公職,在美國擔任陪審團陪審員? 

  • Citizens 公民

  • Citizens of the United States 美國公民 

  • U.S. citizens 美國公民 


65. What are three rights of everyone living in the United States? 生活在美國的每個人都享哪有三項權利?  

  • Freedom of expression 表達自由 

  • Freedom of speech 言論自由 

  • Freedom of assembly 集會自由 

  • Freedom to petition the government 向政府請願的自由 

  • Freedom of religion 宗教自由 

  • The right to bear arms 擁有武器的權利  


66. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?* 我們宣誓效忠時是向誰表達忠誠? *

  • The United States 美利堅合眾國  

  • The flag 國旗  


67. Name two promises that new citizens make in the Oath of Allegiance.請列舉兩個新公民在宣誓效忠時所作的承諾。  

  • Give up loyalty to other countries 放棄效忠其他國家 

  • Defend the (U.S.) Constitution 捍衛(美國)憲法 

  • Obey the laws of the United States 遵守美國法律 

  • Serve in the military (if needed) 參加軍隊(如果需要)

  • Serve (help, do important work for) the nation (if needed) 為國家效勞(幫助,為國家做重要工作)(如果需要) 

  • Be loyal to the United States 效忠美國 


68. How can people become United States citizens? 如何才能成為美國公民? 

  • Naturalize 歸化 

  • Derive citizenship 取得國籍 

  • Be born in the United States 美國出生 


69. What are two examples of civic participation in the United States? 美國公民以什麽方式參與政治?請試舉兩例。

  • Vote 參加投票  

  • Run for office 競選公職 

  • Join a political party 參加政黨 

  • Help with a campaign 協助開展活動 

  • Join a civic group 參加公民團體  

  • Join a community group 參加社區團體 

  • Give an elected official your opinion (on an issue) 向民選官員提供自己就某個議題的意見 

  • Contact elected officials 與民選官員聯絡

  • Support or oppose an issue or policy 支持或反對某項問題或政策 

  • Write to a newspaper 寫信給報社


70. What is one way Americans can serve their country? 美國公民以什麽方式報效國家?請試舉一例。

  • Vote 參加投票  

  • Pay taxes 繳稅  

  • Obey the law 遵守法律  

  • Serve in the military 服兵役 

  • Run for office 競選公職 

  • Work for local, state, or federal government 為地方,州或聯邦政府工作 


71. Why is it important to pay federal taxes? 為什麽說繳納聯邦稅這件事很重要? 

  • Required by law 法律要求 

  • All people pay to fund the federal government 人人為聯邦政府提供資金 

  • Required by the (U.S.) Constitution (16th Amendment) 美國憲法第16條修正案的要求 

  • Civic duty公民的義務 


72. It is important for all men age 18 through 25 to register for the Selective Service. Name one reason why.所有18至25歲的男子都必須參加兵役登記,請舉出一條理由來說明這件事的重要性。 

  • Required by law 法律要求  

  • Civic duty 公民的義務  

  • Makes the draft fair, if needed 如果需要的時候,做到公平征兵。 


AMERICAN HISTORY 美國歷史 


A: Colonial Period and Independence 殖民時期與獨立 


73. The colonists came to America for many reasons. Name one. 殖民者來到美國的原因很多,請試舉出一條。 

  • Freedom 自由 

  • Political liberty 政治自由 

  • Religious freedom 宗教自由 

  • Economic opportunity 經濟上的機會 

  • Escape persecution 逃避迫害 


74. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?* 歐洲人到達之前誰已經住在美洲了? *

  • American Indians 美洲印第安人 

  • Native Americans 美洲土著   


75. What group of people was taken and sold as slaves.哪一族群被帶來美國並被當成奴隸販賣? 

  • Africans 非洲人 

  • People from Africa 來自非洲的人 


76. What war did the Americans fight to win independence from Britain? 美國人打贏並從英國獲得得獨立的那場戰爭叫什麽名稱? 

  • American Revolution 美國革命 

  • The (American) Revolutionary War (美國)革命戰爭 

  • War for (American) Independence (美國)獨立戰爭  


77. Name one reason why the Americans declared independence from Britain.請舉出美國宣布脫離英國獨立的原因之一。 

  • High taxes 高稅金

  • Taxation without representation 納稅卻沒有代表權。 

  • British soldiers stayed in Americans’ houses (boarding, quartering) 英國士兵進駐美國人的住所(強行食宿,紮營)

  • They did not have self-government 美國人沒有自治權 

  • Boston Massacre 波士頓大屠殺 

  • Boston Tea Party (Tea Act) 波士頓茶黨(茶葉法規)

  • Stamp Act 印花稅法 

  • Sugar Act 糖法 

  • Townshend Acts 湯森法案 

  • Intolerable (Coercive) Acts 不可容忍的(強制性)行為 


78. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? *《獨立宣言》是誰寫的? *

  • (Thomas) Jefferson 湯姆士傑佛遜 


79. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted? 《獨立宣言》是什麽時候獲得通過的? 

  • July 4, 1776 ,1776年7月4日 


80. The American Revolution had many important events. Name one.美國革命期間出現了許多重要事件,請試舉一個。 

  • (Battle of) Bunker Hill 邦克山(戰役)

  • Declaration of Independence 獨立宣言 

  • Washington Crossing the Delaware (Battle of Trenton) 華盛頓穿越特拉華州(特倫頓戰役) 

  • (Battle of) Saratoga (薩拉托加戰役)

  • Valley Forge (Encampment) 福奇谷(紮營)

  • (Battle of) Yorktown (British surrender at Yorktown) (約克鎮戰役)(英國在約克鎮投降)


81. There were 13 original states. Name five.美國當初只有13個州。請試舉其中五個州。 

  • New Hampshire 新罕布什爾 

  • Massachusetts 馬薩諸塞州 

  • Rhode Island 羅德島 

  • Connecticut 康涅狄格 

  • New York 紐約 

  • New Jersey 新澤西州 

  • Pennsylvania 賓夕法尼亞州 

  • Delaware 特拉華州 

  • Maryland 馬里蘭 

  • Virginia 弗吉尼亞 

  • North Carolina 北卡羅來納 

  • South Carolina 南卡羅來納 

  • Georgia 佐治亞州 


82. What founding document was written in 1787?  哪一份創始文件寫於1787年? 

  • (U.S.) Constitution (美國)憲法 


83. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers. 《聯邦主義者文集》支持美國憲法的通過。請舉出其中一位作者。 

  • (James) Madison (詹姆斯)麥迪遜 

  • (Alexander) Hamilton (亞歷山大)漢密爾頓 

  • (John) Jay (約翰)傑伊  

  • Publius 普布留斯 


84. Why were the Federalist Papers important? 為什麽說《聯邦主義者文集》很重要? 

  • They helped people understand the (U.S.) Constitution.該文集幫助人們了解美國憲法。 

  • They supported passing the (U.S.) Constitution.該文集支持通過美國憲法 


85. Benjamin Franklin is famous for many things. Name one. 班傑明•富蘭克林以許多事情而聞名。請試舉一例。 

  • Founded the first free public libraries 建立第一個免費公共圖書館 

  • First Postmaster General of the United States 美國第一任郵政局長 

  • Helped write the Declaration of Independence 幫助撰寫《獨立宣言》 

  • Inventor 發明家 

  • U.S. diplomat 美國外交官 


86. George Washington is famous for many things. Name one. *喬治華盛頓以許多事情而聞名,請試舉一例。*   

  • “Father of Our Country” “美國國父”  

  • First president of the United States 美國第一任總統  

  • General of the Continental Army 大陸軍將軍 

  • President of the Constitutional Convention 制憲會議主席 


87. Thomas Jefferson is famous for many things. Name one.湯姆士•傑佛遜以許多事情而聞名。請試舉一例。    

  • Writer of the Declaration of Independence 《獨立宣言》的作者  

  • Third president of the United States 美國第三任總統 

  • Doubled the size of the United States (Louisiana Purchase) 將美國的面積擴大一倍(購買路易斯安那州)  

  • First Secretary of State 美國首任國務卿 

  • Founded the University of Virginia 成立弗吉尼亞大學  

  • Writer of the Virginia Statute on Religious Freedom《弗吉尼亞宗教自由法》的作者 


88. James Madison is famous for many things. Name one. 詹姆斯•麥迪遜因許多事情而聞名。請試舉一例。 

  • “Father of the Constitution” “憲法之父”  

  • Fourth president of the United States 美國第四任總統 

  • President during the War of 1812.  1812年戰爭期間的總統 

  • One of the writers of the Federalist Papers 《聯邦主義者文集》的作者之一 


89. Alexander Hamilton is famous formany things. Name one. 亞歷山大•漢密爾頓因許多事情而聞名。請試舉一例。

  • First Secretary of the Treasury 首任財政部長 

  • One of the writers of the Federalist Papers 《聯邦主義者文集》的作者之一 

  • Helped establish the First Bank of the United States 幫助建立了美國第一家銀行 

  • Aide to General George Washington 協助喬治華盛頓將軍 

  • Member of the Continental Congress 大陸會議成員 


B: 1800s 19 世紀


90. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803? 美國1803年從法國購買了哪塊領地? 

  • Louisiana Territory 路易斯安那領地  

  • Louisiana 路易斯安那 


91. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s. 請舉出美國在1800年代打過的一場戰爭  

  • War of 1812  1812年戰爭 

  • Mexican-American War 美墨戰爭 

  • Civil War 內戰  

  • Spanish-American War 美西戰爭  


92. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South. 美國南北之間的戰爭叫什麽名稱?

  • The Civil War 內戰  


93. The Civil War had many important events. Name one.內戰有許多重要事件。請試舉一例。

  • (Battle of) Fort Sumter 薩姆特堡之戰  

  • Emancipation Proclamation 解放黑奴宣言  

  • (Battle of) Vicksburg 維克斯堡戰役 

  • (Battle of) Gettysburg  葛底斯堡戰役  

  • Sherman’s March 謝爾曼大遊行  

  • (Surrender at) Appomattox (投降)阿坡馬特斯受降

  • (Battle of) Antietam/Sharpsburg 安蒂塔姆/沙普斯堡戰役 

  • Lincoln was assassinated. 林肯被暗殺事件 


94. Abraham Lincoln is famous for many things. Name one.* 亞伯拉罕•林肯以許多事情而聞名。請試舉一例。*

  • Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation) 釋放黑奴(解放宣言)

  • Saved (or preserved) the Union 拯救了(或保全了)美國

  • Led the United States during the Civil War 內戰期間領導了美國 

  • 16th president of the United States 美國第16任總統 

  • Delivered the Gettysburg Address 發表了葛底斯堡演說 


95. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? 解放宣言成就了什麽事? 

  • Freed the slaves 解放黑奴  

  • Freed slaves in the Confederacy 解放了邦聯的黑奴  

  • Freed slaves in the Confederate states 解放了邦聯各州的黑奴

  • Freed slaves in most Southern states 解放了南部大多數州的黑奴 


96. What U.S. war ended slavery? 哪一場美國戰爭終結了奴隸制?  

  • The Civil War內戰 


97. What amendment gives citizenship to all persons born in the United States? 哪項修正案賦予所有美國出生的人公民身份? 

  • 14th Amendment 第十四修正案 


98. When did all men get the right to vote? 什麽時候所有男人都獲得投票權? 

  • After the Civil War 內戰之後 

  • During Reconstruction 重建期間 

  • (With the) 15th Amendment (第15條修正案公布後) 

  • 1870. 1870年


99. Name one leader of the women’s rights movement in the 1800s.  請舉出一位1800年代婦女權利運動領導人的名字。 

  • Susan B. Anthony 蘇珊•安東尼 

  • Elizabeth Cady Stanton 伊麗莎白•卡迪•斯坦頓 

  • Sojourner Truth 索傑娜• 特茹斯

  • Harriet Tubman 哈麗特•塔布曼 

  • Lucretia Mott  魯科瑞西爾• 莫特

  • Lucy Stone 露西•斯通 


C: Recent American History and OtherImportant Historical Information美國近代史和其他重要歷史資料


100. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s. 請舉出美國在1900年代打過的一場戰爭。 

  • World War I 第一次世界大戰  

  • World War II 第二次世界大戰 

  • Korean War 朝鮮戰爭 

  • Vietnam War 越南戰爭 

  • (Persian) Gulf War (波斯)海灣戰爭  


101. Why did the United States enter World War I? 美國為什麽要參加第一次世界大戰? 

  • Because Germany attacked U.S. (civilian) ships 因為德國襲擊了美國(民用)船只 

  • To support the Allied Powers (England, France, Italy, and Russia) 支持盟國(英格蘭,法國,意大利和俄羅斯) 

  • To oppose the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria) 對抗中央大國(德國,奧匈帝國,奧斯曼帝國和保加利亞)


102. When did all women get the right to vote? 所有婦女何時獲得投票權?  

  • 1920  1920年

  • After World War I 第一次世界大戰後 

  • (With the) 19th Amendment (第19號修正案生效後) 


103. What was the Great Depression? 什麽是大蕭條?  

  • Longest economic recession in modern history  現代歷史上歷時最長的一次經濟衰退  


104. When did the Great Depression start? 大蕭條何時開始? 

  • The Great Crash (1929). 大崩盤(1929)

  • Stock market crash of 1929  1929年的股市崩盤  


105. Who was president during the Great Depression and World War II? 在大蕭條和第二次世界大戰期間,誰擔任總統? 

  • (Franklin) Roosevelt (富蘭克林)羅斯福  


106. Why did the United States enter World War II? 美國為什麽要參加第二次世界大戰?  

  • (Bombing of) Pearl Harbor珍珠港被炸 

  • Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor日軍襲擊珍珠港 

  • To support the Allied Powers (England, France, and Russia) 支持盟國(英格蘭,法國和俄羅斯)

  • To oppose the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) 對抗軸心國(德國,意大利和日本)


107. Dwight Eisenhower is famous for many things. Name one. 德懷特•艾森豪威爾因許多事情而聞名。請試舉一例。  

  • General during World War II 第二次世界大戰期間的將軍 

  • President at the end of (during) the Korean War 朝鮮戰爭期間及結束時的總統 

  • 34th president of the United States 美國第34任總統  

  • Signed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 (Created the Interstate System) 簽署了1956年的《聯邦援助公路法案》(創建了州際公路系統) 


108. Who was the United States' main rival during the Cold War? 冷戰期間美國的主要競爭對手是誰?  

  • Soviet Union 前蘇聯  

  • USSR 蘇聯 

  • Russia 俄羅斯  


109. During the Cold War, what was one main concern of the United States? 在冷戰期間美國的主要憂慮是什麽? 

  • Communism 共產主義 

  • Nuclear war 核戰爭 


110. Why did the United States enter the Korean War? 美國為什麽參加朝鮮戰爭? 

  • To stop the spread of communism 阻止共產主義的擴散


111. Why did the United States enter the Vietnam War? 美國為什麽要參加越南戰爭? 

  • To stop the spread of communism 阻止共產主義的擴散 


112. What did the civil rights movement do? 民權運動做了些什麽事? 

  • Fought to end racial discrimination 努力終結種族歧視 


113. Martin Luther King, Jr. is famous for many things. Name one.* 小馬丁•路德•金因許多事情而聞名,請試舉一例。*

  • Fought for civil rights 為爭取民權而戰鬥

  • Worked for equality for all Americans 為所有美國人爭取平權。 

  • Worked to ensure that people would "not be judged bythe color of their skin, but by the content of their character" 努力確保人們“不會根據其膚色來判斷,而是根據其性格的內涵來判斷” 


114. Why did the United States enter the Persian Gulf War? 美國為什麽要參加波斯灣戰爭? 

  • To force the Iraqi military from Kuwait 從科威特方面來對伊拉克軍隊施加壓力 。  


115. What major event happened on September 11, 2001 in the United States?* 2001年9月11日美國發生什麽重大事件?* 

  • Terrorists attacked the United States 恐怖分子襲擊了美國 

  • Terrorists took over two planes and crashed them into the World Trade Center in New York City 恐怖分子劫持了兩架飛機,將其撞入紐約世界貿易中心  

  • Terrorists took over a plane and crashed into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia 恐怖分子劫持飛機並撞進弗吉尼亞州阿靈頓的五角大樓 

  • Terrorists took over a plane originally aimed at Washington, D.C., and crashed in a field in Pennsylvania 恐怖分子劫持了一架飛機,最初目標瞄準華盛頓特區,但後來墜毀在賓夕法尼亞州的一個場地。  


116. Name one U.S. military conflict after the September 11, 2001 attacks.  請列出2001年9月11日的襲擊後美國經歷過的一場軍事沖突。 

  • (Global) War on Terror (全球)反恐戰爭 

  • War in Afghanistan 阿富汗戰爭  

  •  War in Iraq 伊拉克戰爭 


117. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States. 請舉出美國一個印第安人部落的名稱。 

  • Apache 阿帕契

  • Blackfeet 布雷克費特

  • Cayuga 卡尤加

  • Cherokee 切羅基

  • Cheyenne 夏安

  • Chippewa 奇佩瓦

  • Choctaw 喬克托

  • Creek 克里克

  • Crow 克羅

  • Hopi 霍皮

  • Huron 休倫

  • Inupiat 因紐皮雅特

  • Lakota 拉科塔

  • Mohawk 莫霍克

  • Mohegan 莫西干

  • Navajo 納瓦霍

  • Oneida 奧奈達

  • Onondaga 奧農達加

  • Pueblo 普韋布洛

  • Seminole 塞米諾爾

  • Seneca 塞尼卡

  • Shawnee肖尼

  • Sioux 蘇

  • Teton 提頓

  • Tuscarora 塔斯卡洛拉


118. Name one example of an American innovation.請舉出一個美國創新的例子 

  • Light bulb 燈泡  

  • Automobile (cars, combustible engine) 汽車,可燃發動機 

  • Skyscrapers 摩天大樓 

  • Airplane飛機 

  • Assembly line 流水組裝線 

  • Landing on the moon 登陸月球  

  • Integrated circuit (IC) 集成電路(IC)


SYMBOLS AND HOLIDAYS 標誌與國定假日 


A: Symbols 標誌  


119. What is the capital of the United States? 美國的首都在哪里? 

  • Washington, D.C. 華盛頓特區 


120. Where is the Statue of Liberty? 自由女神像在哪里? 

  • New York (Harbor) 紐約(港) 

  • Liberty Island.  [Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River). 自由島。 新澤西州,紐約市附近和哈德遜河也可以接受 


121. Why does the flag have 13 stripes?*國旗為什麽有13條條紋?* 

  • (Because there were) 13 original colonies 因為原先有13個殖民地 

  • (Because the stripes) represent the original colonies 因為條紋代表原先的殖民地  


122. Why does the flag have 50 stars? 國旗為什麽有50顆星星? 

  • (Because there is) one star for each state 因為每個州都有一顆星代表該州 

  • (Because) each star represents a state 因為每顆星代表一個州 

  • (Because there are) 50 states 因為有50個州 


123. What is the name of the national anthem? 國歌的名字是什麽? 

  • The Star-Spangled Banner 星條旗之歌  


124. The Nation’s first motto was “E Pluribus Unum.” What does that mean? 美國的第一個座右銘 “ E Pluribus Unum” 代表什麽意思? 

  • Out of many, one 眾多歸一 

  •  We all become one 我們都合而為一 


B: Holidays 國定假日


125. What is Independence Day? 什麽是獨立日?  

  • A holiday to celebrate U.S. independence (from Britain) 慶祝美國從英國獲得獨立的假日  

  • The country’s birthday 國家的生日 


126. Name three national U.S. holidays. * 試舉美國三個國定假日。* 

  • New Year’s Day 元旦 

  • Martin Luther King, Jr. Day 小馬丁•路德•金誕辰紀念日 

  • Presidents Day (Washington’s Birthday) 總統日(華盛頓誕辰) 

  • Memorial Day 國殤日 

  • Independence Day 獨立節

  • Labor Day 勞動節 

  • Columbus Day 哥倫布日 

  • Veterans Day 退伍軍人節  

  • Thanksgiving Day 感恩節 

  • Christmas Day聖誕節 


127. What is Memorial Day? 什麽是國殤日? 

  • A holiday to honor soldiers who died in military service 紀念在服役期間犧牲的軍人的假日 


128. What is Veterans Day? 什麽是退伍軍人節? 

  • A holiday to honor people in the (U.S.) military 表彰美國軍人的假日 

  • A holiday to honor people who have served (in the U.S. military) 表彰美國退伍軍人的假日



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